Study Guide
Overview and Test Objectives
Field 057: Speech and Language Impaired
Test Overview
| Format | Computer-based test (CBT) |
|---|---|
| Number of Questions | 100 multiple-choice questions |
| Time | 2 hours 30 minutes* |
| Passing Score | 220 |
*Does not include 15-minute CBT tutorial
Test Objectives
| Subarea | Range of Objectives | Approximate Percentage of Questions on Test | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | Human Development and Students with Special Educational Needs | 001–007 | 16% |
| II | Speech, Language, and Hearing Impairments | 008–020 | 28% |
| III | Assessment | 021–029 | 20% |
| IV | Program Development and Intervention | 030–038 | 20% |
| V | Professional Knowledge and Legal Issues | 039–046 | 16% |
Hover over each subarea for details of subtest content or see table above.
Sub area 1 16%
Sub area 2 28%
Sub area 3 20%
Sub area 4 20%
Sub area 5 16%
Subarea I—HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS
Objective 001—Understand normal human development during infancy and early childhood.
Includes:
- the characteristics and sequence of physical, sensory, motor, cognitive, and communication development in infancy and early childhood
Objective 002—Understand normal human development during childhood and adolescence.
Includes:
- the characteristics and sequence of physical, motor, cognitive, and language development
- social and emotional characteristics
- other developmental issues of particular importance during childhood and adolescence
Objective 003—Understand normal communication development.
Includes:
- the relationships between normal communication development and motor and cognitive development, auditory perception, environmental factors, and social development
Objective 004—Understand the prenatal development of the child.
Includes:
- key factors that affect the prenatal development of the child, including the impact of substance abuse and the health of the mother
Objective 005—Apply theories of communication development.
Includes:
- theories of communication development and the ways they characterize communication development
Objective 006—Understand the specific characteristics of students with special educational needs.
Includes:
- characteristics of students with learning disabilities
- mental, physical, visual, hearing, emotional, and/or neurological impairments
Objective 007—Analyze the effects of handicapping conditions on communication development.
Includes:
- the effects of learning disabilities
- mental, physical, visual, hearing, emotional, and/or neurological impairments on communication development
Subarea II—SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING IMPAIRMENTS
Objective 008—Identify linguistic features of English.
Includes:
- phonemic, morphemic, semantic, pragmatic, and syntactic features of English
Objective 009—Apply principles of phonetics.
Includes:
- the classification of consonants according to place, manner, and voicing characteristics
- of vowels according to their physical characteristics
- of phonemes in terms of their acoustic characteristics
Objective 010—Understand the speech mechanism.
Includes:
- anatomical structures involved in speech production and their functions
- processes involved in speech production
Objective 011—Understand the hearing mechanism.
Includes:
- anatomical structures involved in hearing and their functions
- processes involved in auditory perception
Objective 012—Understand fluency impairments.
Includes:
- characteristics of fluency impairments
- the differences between normal nonfluency and fluency impairments
- factors that may cause and maintain fluency impairments
Objective 013—Understand articulation impairments.
Includes:
- characteristics of articulation impairments
- types of articulation impairments
- factors that may cause and maintain articulation impairments
Objective 014—Understand voice impairments.
Includes:
- characteristics of voice impairments
- factors that may cause and maintain voice impairments
Objective 015—Understand speech and language impairments associated with structural, neuromuscular, and neurological disabilities.
Includes:
- characteristics of speech and language impairments exhibited by students with cerebral palsy
- factors that may cause structural, neuromuscular, and/or neurological disabilities
- the effects of structural disabilities on speech and language
Objective 016—Understand disorders of receptive language.
Includes:
- characteristics of disorders of receptive language
- distinctions between receptive and expressive language disorders
- factors that may cause and maintain disorders of receptive language
Objective 017—Understand disorders of expressive language.
Includes:
- characteristics of disorders of expressive language
- factors that may cause and maintain disorders of expressive language
Objective 018—Understand the characteristics of language differences and language impairments.
Includes:
- the characteristics of language differences and language impairments, and the distinctions between them
Objective 019—Understand hearing impairments.
Includes:
- types of hearing impairments and their characteristics
- factors that may cause and maintain hearing impairments
Objective 020—Analyze the relationship between speech, language, and hearing impairments and child development.
Includes:
- the relationship between speech, language, and hearing impairments and cognitive development
- social and emotional development
- educational performance
Subarea III—ASSESSMENT
Objective 021—Identify legal requirements relating to assessment.
Includes:
- state and federal requirements related to screening, referral, and assessment
- the rights of students and parents in relation to assessment procedures
Objective 022—Understand speech and language assessment instruments and methods.
Includes:
- types, characteristics, uses, advantages, and disadvantages of speech and language assessment instruments
- evaluation criteria, principles, and procedures for selecting speech and language assessment instruments
Objective 023—Understand methods used to assess articulation.
Includes:
- types, uses, and characteristics of formal and informal methods of assessing articulation
- procedures for assessing articulation
- the interpretation and use of articulation assessment data in the development of IEPs
Objective 024—Understand methods used to assess fluency.
Includes:
- types, uses, and characteristics of formal and informal methods of assessing fluency
- procedures for assessing fluency
- the interpretation and use of fluency assessment data in the development of IEPs
Objective 025—Understand methods used to assess voice.
Includes:
- types, uses, and characteristics of formal and informal methods of assessing voice
- procedures for assessing voice
- the interpretation and use of voice assessment data in the development of IEPs
Objective 026—Understand methods used to assess receptive language.
Includes:
- types, uses, and characteristics of formal and informal methods of assessing receptive language
- procedures for administering receptive language assessment methods
- the interpretation and use of receptive language assessment data in the development of IEPs
Objective 027—Understand methods used to assess expressive language.
Includes:
- types, uses, and characteristics of formal and informal methods of assessing expressive language
- procedures for administering expressive language assessment methods
- the interpretation and use of expressive language assessment data in the development of IEPs
Objective 028—Understand basic methods used to assess hearing.
Includes:
- types, uses, and characteristics of formal and informal methods of assessing hearing
- procedures for administering basic audiometric tests
- the interpretation and use of hearing assessment data in the development of IEPs
Objective 029—Identify procedures for conducting a comprehensive speech and language evaluation.
Includes:
- components, requirements, and procedures for conducting a comprehensive speech and language evaluation
- eligibility criteria for speech and language services
Subarea IV—PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT AND INTERVENTION
Objective 030—Understand the development of Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for students with speech and language impairments.
Includes:
- appropriate short-term instructional objectives and annual goals for an IEP
- legal requirements for reviewing and revising an IEP
- the rights of students and parents in the development of an IEP
Objective 031—Understand the procedures for implementing Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for students with speech and language impairments.
Includes:
- appropriate activities and curriculum components to meet IEP objectives
- procedures for evaluating progress toward IEP objectives and goals
- appropriate ways of communicating with persons involved in the implementation of an IEP
- procedures for modifying and updating an IEP
Objective 032—Apply intervention strategies for students with fluency impairments.
Includes:
- appropriate intervention strategies, objectives, goals, and ways to adapt regular classroom instruction to meet the needs of students with fluency impairments
Objective 033—Apply intervention strategies for students with articulation impairments.
Includes:
- appropriate intervention strategies, objectives, goals, and ways to adapt regular classroom instruction to meet the needs of students with articulation impairments
Objective 034—Apply intervention strategies for students with voice impairments.
Includes:
- appropriate intervention strategies, objectives, goals, and ways to adapt regular classroom instruction to meet the needs of students with voice impairments
Objective 035—Apply intervention strategies for students with disorders of receptive language.
Includes:
- appropriate intervention strategies, objectives, goals, and ways to adapt regular classroom instruction to meet the needs of students with disorders of receptive language
Objective 036—Apply intervention strategies for students with disorders of expressive language.
Includes:
- appropriate intervention strategies, objectives, goals, and ways to adapt regular classroom instruction to meet the needs of students with disorders of expressive language
Objective 037—Apply intervention strategies for students with hearing impairments.
Includes:
- appropriate intervention strategies, objectives, goals, and ways to adapt regular classroom instruction to meet the needs of students with hearing impairments
Objective 038—Understand intervention and instructional techniques used with speech and language impaired students who have additional handicapping conditions.
Includes:
- appropriate intervention and instructional techniques
- ways to adapt the special education classroom environment to meet the needs of speech and language impaired students with additional handicapping conditions
Subarea V—PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND LEGAL ISSUES
Objective 039—Identify technological advances relating to communication disorders.
Includes:
- equipment and materials for students needing augmentative/alternative communication
- appropriate uses of new technology related to materials and equipment in the field of communication disorders
Objective 040—Understand the rights of students with special educational needs and the rights of their parents.
Includes:
- the rights of students with special educational needs and the rights of their parents
Objective 041—Identify procedures and processes for consulting with school personnel and other professionals.
Includes:
- common procedures for consulting with regular education personnel and reporting information to teachers and other professionals
Objective 042—Identify professional organizations involved in communication disorders.
Includes:
- national and state organizations that support the speech and language profession
Objective 043—Understand methods of communicating with and counseling the families of students with speech and language impairments.
Includes:
- appropriate ways of discussing assessment results with family members
- helping parents understand communication development and the special needs of their child
- conveying information about a student's speech and language program and progress to family members
- coordinating techniques used in the school with those used at home
Objective 044—Demonstrate sensitivity to cultural differences among students and their families.
Includes:
- cultural similarities and differences that exist among various racial, ethnic, religious, and socioeconomic groups
- the impact of cultural group differences on student learning, behavior, and placement decisions in special education
Objective 045—Understand current research on communication disorders.
Includes:
- criteria for evaluating research
- sources of current research on communication disorders
- recent research findings
- appropriate ways to apply research findings in the school
Objective 046—Apply federal and state laws and regulations concerning the delivery of special education and related services.
Includes:
- federal and state laws and regulations governing special education and related services, and their application in various situations